Photo Credit: African Union
The African Union (AU) has issued a stern warning about the escalating conflicts and unconstitutional government changes (UCGs) that pose a threat to the democratic foundations and security of African countries. This cautionary message comes at a critical juncture when stability and good governance are essential for the continent's progress.
Recently, the AU, in collaboration with the Africa Governance Architecture (AGA), launched its flagship report: The Africa Governance Report on Unconstitutional Changes of Government in Africa (The AGR 2023). This comprehensive analysis delves into the influences, causes, drivers, and triggers of UCGs across the continent. The report focuses on five critical themes: integrity of democratic elections, diversity management and human rights, constitutional order and state legitimacy, economic governance, and public sector accountability. Additionally, it examines popular uprisings, militarization, and terrorism.
To compile the AGR, the AU conducted targeted reviews in specific countries. These reviews scrutinized the integrity of democratic processes, human rights protection, economic management, and other crucial aspects. The Kingdom of Lesotho, Republic of Chad, Republic of Guinea, and Union of Comoros were among the countries assessed. The findings shed light on the vulnerabilities that may facilitate the perpetuation of UCGs.
Despite significant strides in maintaining peace across the African continent, there is a concerning trend of UCG resurgence in recent years. Social, security, and economic infrastructures have broken down, exacerbating existing weaknesses and creating fertile ground for conflict. The AU emphasizes that any form of unconstitutional change of government undermines the progress achieved in areas such as good governance, democracy, peace, and security.
The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) reaffirms its unwavering conviction that UCGs must be addressed decisively. These changes threaten the stability and democratic fabric of African nations. The APRM calls for collective efforts to prevent further deterioration and to safeguard the gains made in governance and stability. The AU's commitment to addressing this issue remains steadfast.
The AGR also highlights the need for synergy between the AU and regional economic communities (RECs) regarding sanctions regimes. Different approaches to implementing decisions exist, and harmonizing efforts is crucial. Additionally, the report encourages the establishment of a model that reflects African realities, ensuring effective responses to UCGs.
In response to the report, member states are urged to reflect on its findings and implement the recommendations. Technical support will be provided to integrate National Programmes of Action into National Development Plans. By addressing UCGs collectively, African nations can fortify their democratic institutions, enhance security, and promote stability for the benefit of all citizens.
Written by : Bonface Musau
